The OSI model Essay Example for Free

The OSI model EssayQuestion Write a 2-3 page paper describing the OSI model and how it relates to a cyberspace. Your response should include answers to the sideline On which degrees of the OSI model do demented protocols operate? What ar any(prenominal) of these protocols? On which OSI classs do pommeles and routers operate? If routers reside at much than one layer, what is the difference between the OSI layers? worldThe OSI model was introduced in 1984. Although it was designed to be an abstract model, the OSI model remains a practical manikin for todays key profits technologies like Ethernet and protocols like IP. The OSI model defines internet pull ining in terms of a vertical mass of seven layers. The upper layers of the OSI model represent software that implements network services like encryption and contact management. The lower layers of the OSI model implement more primitive, hardware-oriented functions like routing, addressing, and flow control.In the OSI mo del, data communication starts with the enlighten layer at the sending side, travels down the OSI model stack to the bottom layer, then traverses the network lodge to the bottom layer on the receiving side, and up its OSI model stack.How OSI model relates to a networkInformation being transferred from a software coating in one computer system to a software natural covering in another must pass through the OSI layers. For example, if a software application in establishment A has schooling to transmit to a software application in System B, the application computer programin System A will pass its info to the application layer (Layer 7) of System A. The application layer then passes the information to the presentation layer (Layer 6), which relays the data to the session layer (Layer 5), and so on down to the physical layer (Layer 1).At the physical layer, the information is placed on the physical network medium and is sent across the medium to System B. The physical layer of System B removes the information from the physical medium, and then its physical layer passes the information up to the data touch layer (Layer 2), which passes it to the network layer (Layer 3), and so on, until it reaches the application layer (Layer 7) of System B. Finally, the application layer of System B passes the information to the recipient application program to complete the communication process.Interaction Between OSI Model LayersA minded(p) layer in the OSI model generally communicates with three other OSI layers the layer directly above it, the layer directly below it, and its peer layer in other networked computer systems. The data link layer in System A, for example, communicates with the network layer of System A, the physical layer of System A, and the data link layer in System B. The following figure illustrates this example.Figure OSI Model Layers Communicate with Other LayersOn which layers of the OSI model do WAN protocols operate?A WAN protocols is a data c ommunication protocols which is implement in the data communications network that covers a relatively broad geographic area and that practically uses transmission facilities provided by park carriers, such as telephone companies. WAN Protocol in WAN technologies, generally function at the lower three layers of the OSI reference model which layers are as following Physical layer Data link layer, and meshwork layer.Following figure illustrates the relationship between the common WAN technologies and the OSI model.Figure OSI Model Layers and WAN Technology specificationWhat are some of these protocols?some protocols which are also operated in the WAN technology are PPP, X.25 etc.On which OSI layers do switches and routers operate?The Network Layer of the OSI model is obligated for establishing paths for data transfer through the network and router are the devices which are apply to establishes the path for data transfer. So, routers operate at the Network Layer. And Data Link La yer of the OSI model is responsible for communications between adjacent network nodes. Hubs and switches operate at the Data Link Layer.If routers reside at more than one layer, what is the difference between the OSI layers?Routers generally do not reside at more than one layer, because the router devices are operated in the network layer and they can apply the data link headers when they switch the packet interface and put the signals at the physical layer wires . In this way the routers do work on three different levels, but each job is separate and distinct per layer.